Stubborn bugs. Cipro belongs to a class of antibiotics which pharmaceutical companies have found increasing resistance
CHICAGO -. cajoled by an advocacy group based in Boston, two giant pharmaceutical companies have released proprietary data on antibiotic resistance. The new figures presented December 17 at the meeting of the Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, show that microbes causing fatal pneumonia began to evade ciprofloxacin (Cipro) and other drugs in a class of antibiotics called fluoroquinolones.
for the last decade, physicians have relied on fluoroquinolones to clear various bacteria, including insects that cause pneumonia, skin infections, gonorrhea, and even anthrax. Microbes can develop resistance to fluoroquinolones in the laboratory. To determine if this is happening in hospitals, the Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA) in Boston began to press the big pharmaceutical companies to reveal the antibiotic resistance data. Recently, Bristol-Myers Squibb and GlaxoSmithKline agreed to share their information on testing on clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae , the second leading cause of death from bacterial pneumonia in children in the developing world.
Drug the company's researchers have been for years collecting thousands of H. influenzae isolating patients in hospitals and clinics across North America and Europe. In the laboratory, they push the samples in cultures containing various levels of one of the two fluoroquinolones, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. fully resistant insects can survive antibiotic concentrations 16 times higher than could kill a significant bug. But because the bacteria often develop resistance gradually undergoing a series of changes, the pharmaceutical company has counted those who survived drug levels only 2 times which is generally fatal. This strategy allows a glimpse of the strength in manufacturing, said microbiologist Stuart Levy of Tufts University School of Medicine in Boston, President of APUA.
The two companies have found that less than 0.1% of the samples of microbes collected before 1997 had acquired a drug resistance. But since 00, the incidence of partial resistance increased slightly to approximately 0.15%. Other pharmaceutical companies are thought to be as collect this type of data, even if it remains the owner.
pharmacologist Michael Dudley Mikrozid Pharmaceuticals Mountainview, California, called the study well done, although he warns that it is still unclear whether the resistance is on the rise because the impact is so low.
Related Sites
APUA backgrounder on the antibiotic resistance working
additional information about fluoroquinolones
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