For the first time, researchers have created artificial bladders working dogs. Experts say the success described in the February issue of Nature Biotechnology , has significantly advanced the prospect of repairing or replacing damaged human bladder tissue grown from their own cells of a patient.
About 7000 patients need repair or replacement bladder each year in the United States. These include babies with birth defects, older people who have lost the normal function of the bladder, and those with bladder cancer, the fourth most commonly diagnosed cancer among white men. "Since you can not use plastics with bladders, we were forced to look for living tissue," says William Steers, a urologist at the University of Virginia School of Medicine in Charlottesville. "Sometimes we use amounts huge bowel to fashion a replacement bladder. "But these procedures frequently cause complications
After a search of 9 years, pediatric surgeon Anthony Atala and colleagues at Hospital Medical School and Harvard children Boston managed to grow a lot of muscle and urothelial cells. - specialized cells that layer inside the bladder. - from tiny samples chiseled dog bladders After generating about 60 million cells (enough covering about 3 square meters), the researchers used a pipette to paint the outside, a porous mold shaped with bladder muscle cells, and inside with urothelial cells. "We apply a layer at a time, then put in the incubator and cook," said Atala. The new body is ready in about a week, when successive layers of cells merged to cover both surfaces of the mold seamlessly.
artificial organs have started to work as soon as they were inserted in six beagles whose bladders had been removed. new blood vessels began to get inside of a month, biodegradable polymer mold is disintegrated by 3 months, and nerve endings have penetrated the muscle of 6 months. bladders grown in the laboratory were still operating normally when the experience of 11 months completed. Atala's team has now turned its attention to human transplants, even if the first test is still several years.
"It is a revolutionary work," says Steers. "It opens up unlimited possibilities for the replacement of the internal organs, especially those who are muscular." However, he warned that the organs may not work as well in older patients, and problems with the power connections and nerve blood may occur. So he said, "it's probably not quite ready for prime time yet."
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