nuclear invasion. glucocorticoid receptors (marked in green) are usually dispersed in the cytoplasm (left) but move to the nucleus in response to the acceleration of blood flow (middle) or corticosteroid treatment (right).
the benefits of exercise for the heart have long been touted, but we do not know how, for example, jogging protects the blood vessels against cardiovascular disease. Now scientists suggest that simply will get your blood is what helps. In experiments with cow arteries, they find that the fast-flowing blood has anti-inflammatory effect as powerful as that of certain steroid medications that protect the arteries.
Scientists have known for years that the hardened plates that are a big factor in heart disease tend to form in areas where the blood slows and inflammation in these areas contribute to the disease . Curiously, when the walls of the vessels experienced increased drag faster blood flow, the cells lining the walls of blood vessels are more certain molecules that protect the arteries. Link the evidence together, Scott Diamond, a biomedical engineer at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, has suggested that the trail itself could activate anti-inflammatory pathways as do many steroid medicines like dexamethasone.
Diamond and his colleagues have endothelial cells cow arteries in a special chamber that mimics the conditions of flow of arterial blood. They reported a steroid receptor in the cytoplasm of cells with green fluorescent protein. When they pumped fluid on the cells to create a shear stress, the receiver has looked into the cell nucleus - as if the cell was exposed to dexamethasone. Once inside the nucleus, the activated receptor a steroid-sensitive gene, reports the online team in January 24 Traffic . Finally, the team repeated the experiments in the segments of human arteries and found a similar effect.
The work is important because it really connects changes in blood flow with protection against heart disease, says Peter Davies, a vascular biologist at the University of Pennsylvania, which is not associated with the project. "This system can be the manifestation of [exercise's] protective effect." The next step, Diamond and Davies agree, is to see if the increased blood flow that triggers anti-inflammatory pathway in living animals.
Related Sites
Background information on atherosclerosis
Scott L. diamond site
Peter F. Davies site
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