- About 5 minutes of Tuesday's press conference outlining the first US Ebola diagnosis, Tom Frieden, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) , segued to speak of help on the ground in Africa, saying: "But in the end, we are all connected by the air we breathe"
This comment-for expressing the. importance of controlling the spread of the virus both abroad and in the United States Edward Goodman-constrained, epidemiologist at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital of Dallas, who spoke after Frieden, specify: "Ebola is not transmitted by the air. It is not an airborne infection. "
many reports have drove home the point that the virus is spread primarily by direct contact with body fluids, people are not infectious when they develop symptoms, and it is unlikely that the Ebola virus will evolve to become airborne
But there are precious few data on some other practical issues :. Which body fluids harbor the virus? Does it linger on objects touched by an infected person?
The hard data are scarce, largely because the Ebola outbreaks have been sporadic, and because each outbreak before the present over before 500 people infected. Some epidemiological studies have examined the infected and their close contacts and said it does not spread through the air. Studies also suggest that the main transmission routes include touching an infected person, sharing a bed, and contact with bodily fluids during. Ebola patients funeral also showed extremely high risk because of rituals that involve touching the body, the group hand washing, and common meals.
One study examined the skin of people who have died of Ebola virus and suggested that sweat can play an important role. "One possible explanation for the role of physical contact in transmission is the presence of abundant particles and virus antigens in the skin and sweat glands around," the authors conclude. But the most comprehensive analysis to date noted that risk factors vary depending on the stage of the disease, and people with the disease at an advanced stage or death are much more likely to transmit the virus.
An essential document 07, published in The Journal of Infectious Diseases , offers perhaps the best available indication of where the risks are, and where they do not . He analyzed samples from confirmed cases during an epidemic in 00 in Uganda, including people who were seriously ill or convalescing. It also examined for the virus on objects, such as desks, walls, and gloves in an Ebola isolation ward. The figures in the study are small, but it is the most detailed analysis published to date.
The key tables in 07. A large consignment of study: Infection is unlikely to come to a fateful encounter with a doorknob, or even a handshake. The authors caution that the methods used to detect the Ebola virus has not been widely tested for use on objects, and the virus could be present to undetectable levels.
| When researchers found the virus in Uganda Ebola Service | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| sample taken ... | color of the sample | Virus culture result (+/-) | RT-PCR * result (+/-) |
| out of service: | |||
| bedroom wall Change | Clear | - | - |
| office Locker (foreign Service) | Clear | - | - |
| outer surface of the door of the isolation ward | Clear | - | - |
| Inside pupil side "suspect": | |||
| glove recently placed the nurse | Clear | - | - |
| bed frame | Clear | - | - |
| Instrument tray for neighborhood patrols | Clear | - | - |
| Inside service side "probable" | |||
| Air (open and capped tube, negative control 1) | Clear | - | - |
| sterile swab (negative control 2) | Clear | - | - |
| intravenous fluid support pole | Clear | - | - |
| switch | Clear | - | - |
| soil | Clear | - | - |
| handle distributor of 0.05% bleach solution | Clear | - | - |
| Nurse own apron | Clear | - | - |
| clean glove nurse | Clear | - | - |
| Cle stethoscope | Clear | - | - |
| stethoscope after use | Clear | - | - |
| stethoscope after use and rinse with a bleach solution to 0.05 % | Clear | - | - |
| bed frame | Clear | - | - |
| chair bedside (2 different samples) | Clear | - | - |
| bolus | Clear | - | - |
| Spit bowl | Clear | - | - |
| skin (hand) attendants patients (3 different samples) | Clear | - | - |
| Clean patients goalkeeper glove | Clear | - | - |
| Corpse decontaminated with a 0.5% solution of bleach | Clear | - | - |
| bag body decontaminated with bleach solution 0.5% (2 different samples) | Clear | - | - |
| Clean mattress | Clear | - | - |
| intravenous tube | Clear | - | - |
| stained glove of blood doctor (positive control 1) | Rose | - | + |
| bloody insertion site intravenously (positive control 2) | Red | - | + |
| % of all samples | ... | 0 | 7 |
* Ebola files: given the current Ebola epidemic, unprecedented in terms of the number of people killed and the rapid geographic spread, science and science Translational Medicine made a collection of research articles and news on the viral disease available researchers and the general public.
0 Komentar