revealed the White House today a price tag and other details Precision Medicine Initiative announced in the State of President Barack Obama of the Union address last week. As expected, most of the $ 215 million proposed to launch the multi-agency initiative in fiscal 2016, which begins in October, will support the construction of a cohort of 1 million US volunteers to genomics and other research biomedical. Another part of the money will fund efforts to understand the genomes of cancer cells. (Click here for a fact sheet from the White House on the map and here for a National Cancer Institute [NCI] fact sheet.)
Precision medicine, a term for tailoring treatments to the constitution genetics, microbiome of an individual, and other factors, is "a game changer" that "has the potential to revolutionize the way we approach health in this country and ultimately the world," said Jo Handelsman, deputy director for science in the White House office of science policy and technology, in a call with reporters yesterday to discuss the initiative. The $ 215 million will be new money added to the budgets of agencies, not funds redirected from existing programs, says the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Director Francis Collins.
Like Science Insider previously reported, the centerpiece of the initiative funded by $ 130 million in 2016, is a longitudinal research cohort consists of at least 1 million volunteers. Such studies large cohort of both healthy people and patients who represent the general population, often called biobanks already-established in countries such as the UK and Japan.
The cohort of US will be assembled by connecting the existing cohort studies. There are at least 0, from the Framingham Heart Study to basic genetic and medical data of patients at Kaiser Permanente in Northern California, which may be invited to join, Collins said. The initiative can also recruit new volunteers to "fill the gaps" and ensure diversity, Collins said.
In addition to developing information such as electronic medical-records and analyzing the genomes of existing patients, the study may have participants wear devices to monitor their health and activities, as Fitbits. And in a departure from traditional cohort, patients will be actively involved in the design of the study and control the use of their data, officials said. (These characteristics make it "more of a biobank," said Collins.) A blue ribbon panel will plan the study, advised by the working groups and a firm compound, ethicists, and others are already forming watching protect privacy, Handelsman said.
another $ 70 million will go to genomics NCI NIH cancer. NCI is wound a 9-year project called the cancer genome Atlas who cataloged the mutations that appear to stimulate the growth of cancer cells, and has several ongoing trials to treat patients based on changes in their tumor. This area is "cutting edge precision medicine," said Collins ; many patients, such as people with breast cancer already receive genetic or other molecular tests to determine the best medication.
The new funds will enable the organization to expand the testing of genetically tailored treatments, explore the biology of cancer, and together a "knowledge network on cancer" to share this information with researchers and oncologists treating patients.
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) will receive $ 10 million to hire experts to help assess the tests based on sequencing of large portions of the patient's genome, and build disease mutation databases, such as that used to examine two new tests for the genes for cystic fibrosis, said the FDA commissioner Margaret Hamburg.
another $ 5 million will go to the Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology to develop ways to share and preserve the confidentiality of patient data safely.
President Obama is expected to unveil details of initiatives at 11 am ET today at the White House before an audience of researchers, pharmaceutical company executives and others. Congress must approve ultimately spending on the initiative, which will be part of the 2016 budget request the White House is expected to unveil Monday.
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* Updated January 30 2:55 p.m. a statement that was falsely attributed to Dr. Collins has been corrected.
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