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Summary
a new class of treatment against cancer that release the power of the immune system on tumors may depend on some unlikely allies. Two mouse studies in this week's issue of Science demonstrate that the microbiome-microorganisms housing swarms intestine into the intestines determines the effectiveness of cancer immunotherapies are. Known as checkpoint inhibitors, therapies thwart one of the most underhanded tricks of survival of cancer is its ability to turn off the immune response that could otherwise attack the tumor cells. In one case, the researchers found a checkpoint inhibitor targeting CTLA4, a molecule on T cells, which works best in mice if their guts contain bacteria within Bacteroides and Burkholderia genres. In the other, a drug targeting PD-L1 showed a similar dependence on the members of the genus Bifidobacterium.
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