After years of fasting Buddha "legs were like bamboo sticks, his spine was like a rope, his chest was as an incomplete roof of a house, his eyes sank in, like stones into a deep well, "according to an account. the Buddha did not get what he wanted from this fast-illumination but a new study suggests that a diet that mimics some effects of milder deprivation can not only reduce your weight but also provide other extreme advantages. researchers report that following the diet for only 5 days per month improves several measures health, including reducing the risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Eat shortens life, and not just because overindulgence can lead to diseases such as diabetes. a diet to reduce intake food up to 40%, known as caloric restriction increases longevity in a variety of organisms and prevents cancer, heart disease and other diseases of later life. Although some short-term studies suggest that calorie restriction provides metabolic benefits to the people, no one confirmed that it also increases the length of human life. The closest researchers have come from two large long-term studies of monkeys, and they are in conflict as to whether meager rations increase longevity.
Although caloric restriction could add years to our life, almost no one can summon the will to eat so little, day after day, year after year. An alternative could be more, um, acceptable is the fast, temporary abstinence from food. Gerontological researcher Valter Longo of University of Southern California in Los Angeles and colleagues showed that fasting makes the side effects of chemotherapy such as fatigue and weakness, and animal studies suggest that the benefits of this product health similar to caloric restriction.
But fasting core, where people only drink water for days at a time, maybe not easier than calorie restriction. "I did, and it was awful," says Longo. For the new study, he and colleagues designed a less grueling regime could still trigger the benefits of fasting. For two periods of four days each month, middle-aged mice dined low-protein, low-calorie chow. The rest of the month they could nosh much as they wanted.
The mice survived their peers by an average of 3 months, a substantial amount for rodents, and they showed many signs of better health. As the researchers report online today in Cell Metabolism , the mice lost fat and were 45% less likely to suffer from cancer. During their meager episodes kitchen, level of sugar in the blood decreased by 40% and the amount of insulin in the blood was 0% lower. And though the gray matter typically decreases with age, the mice retained more of their mental capacity; they bested control animals in two types of memory tests, perhaps because they produce more new neurons in the hippocampus, a brain area critical for memory.
Longo and his colleagues also have found evidence that the scheme has boosted the capacity of animals to restore and reconstruct tissues. "This is the most exciting" conclusion, says Longo. For example, liver regeneration was faster in fasted animals, and balance of different types of cells in the blood was younger. The number of some stem cells also soared in rodents dieting.
To determine whether the occasional austerity could have the same impact on people, researchers have whipped a menu of energy bars, soups, teas, and fries. The price of a day provides between 725 and 100 calories. "It is not like eating dumplings, but it is better than going without," says Longo. (The average adult man in America needs about 2,000 to 3,000 calories a day ;. following persons calorie restriction can limit to as low as 10 calories)
like mice, study volunteers followed the diet for 5 days straight and returned to their normal food habits for the rest of the month. in their article, the researchers report the results for the first group of 19 subjects to try this diet "imitation fasting" and 19 witnesses.
Only three rounds of alternating between diet and a normal diet seems improve the "fitness participants, reducing blood sugar, trimming abdominal fat, and cut levels of a protein associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease. Longo and colleagues also detected a slight increase the abundance of certain stem cells in the blood, suggesting that the diet might promote regeneration in humans. "We believe that fasting is imitating the diet is rejuvenating," says Longo.
Other researchers say the study results are encouraging. "This change in diet can counteract single all these variables of aging, and I think it is very impressive, "says molecular biologist Christopher Hine from the Harvard School of Public Health in Boston. The study shows that cutting calories all the time is not necessary, says biochemist James Mitchell, also of the Harvard School of Public Health. "Intermittent periods can have lasting effects."
The new diet can be more convenient. "Caloric restriction has miserably failed in human trials" because it is so difficult to stick to, said gerontologist Rafael de Cabo of the National Institute on Aging in Baltimore, Maryland, who heads one of the monkey studies calorie restriction. A diet as researchers use "is achievable," he said.
Longo and his colleagues have already completed a larger clinical trial power with more than 80 subjects. Fasting as the Buddha is dangerous, and even fasting imitating the diet could be harmful for some people, such as diabetics, Longo note. Researchers need to study how the diet works, who might benefit and who might be harmed by it, Mitchell notes. "There is a lot of information to understand."
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